Speaking Wednesday at a policy forum on governance challenges attended by university management professors, Pezeshkian said reforming consumption patterns begins with changing public behavior. He said the past two years had demonstrated that even amid severe energy shortages and pressures stemming from war-related damage, energy consumption could be managed through public engagement, education and behavioral change.

The president announced plans for a national program to assess the performance of government agencies in managing energy consumption and improving efficiency. Under the initiative, all executive bodies will be required to report measures taken to reduce consumption and boost productivity, with their performance subject to evaluation.

He said university management scholars could play a key role in developing performance indicators, designing evaluation mechanisms and helping formulate the national framework.

Pezeshkian said many of the country's current structural challenges stem from decades of unbalanced development and decision-making that lacked a scientific foundation. In many cases, he said, resource allocation and consumption were poorly aligned, contributing to imbalances such as those affecting the energy sector.

He called on academics, particularly management experts, to help develop scientific models for sustainable development and support reforms aimed at addressing long-standing structural issues.

The president also emphasized the role of management experts in shaping national policies, planning systems, legislation and administrative structures, saying all governance reforms should ultimately improve public satisfaction and raise living standards.

"The fundamental purpose of government and the administrative system is to serve the people," Pezeshkian said. "Any mechanism that fails to meet citizens' expectations should be reformed and reviewed."